Question
What is the ruling on performing voluntary prayers before the Maghrib prayer after sunset?
Answer
I say, and with God's help: It is disliked to perform voluntary prayers before the Maghrib prayer, as it delays the Maghrib prayer. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "We asked the wives of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) if they had seen the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) praying the two rak'ahs before Maghrib? They said: No, except that Umm Salamah said: He prayed them with me once, so I asked him, what is this prayer? He said: I forgot the two rak'ahs before Asr, so I prayed them now." This was narrated by Al-Tabarani in the Musnad of the people of Ash-Sham with a good chain, as mentioned in Nasb al-Rayah 2: 141. See also: I'la al-Sunan 2: 62-63. And from Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him), he said: "Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) was asked about the two rak'ahs before Maghrib, and he said: I did not see anyone during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) praying them." This is in Sunan Abu Dawood 2: 26, and Al-Nawawi said: Its chain is good, as in I'la al-Sunan 2: 59. And from Hamad (may Allah have mercy on him), he asked Ibrahim Al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) about praying before Maghrib, and he forbade him from it and said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr and Umar did not pray it." This was narrated by Muhammad in Al-Athar as in Nasb al-Rayah 2: 141, and Al-Darayah 1: 199. Al-Tahanawi said in I'la al-Sunan 2: 64: Its narrators are trustworthy, though it is a disconnected narration. And the scholar Al-Tahanawi said in I'la al-Sunan 2: 60-61: "The correct and verified answer is that the permissibility of the two rak'ahs before Maghrib is not denied, but it is denied to place them in the position of a Sunnah. This is indicated by the hadith in Sahih Bukhari 1183, which states: Pray before Maghrib, and then he said in the third: For whoever wishes; out of dislike for people to take it as a Sunnah. The imperative form here is understood as permissibility... The reasoning of the Hanafi school for disliking voluntary prayer before Maghrib, despite the established permissibility in the hadiths, is that the hadiths in this chapter are contradictory. His saying (peace be upon him): "Pray Maghrib for the breaking of the fast and hasten to the rising of the star" narrated by Ahmad 5: 421, and other hadiths emphasizing the urgency in Maghrib imply the dislike of performing voluntary prayers before it, due to the likelihood of delay. The Ummah has unanimously agreed that hastening in Maghrib is a Sunnah." And Allah knows best.