The Prayers for Which the Adhan is Called

Question
What are the prayers for which the adhan is called?
Answer
The call to prayer (adhan) is recommended for obligatory prayers that are performed in congregation, such as the five daily prayers and Friday prayer. It is called at their time for performance and afterward for making up missed prayers. The adhan is not recommended for the regular Sunnah prayers, voluntary prayers, Witr, the two Eid prayers, funeral prayers, solar eclipses, lunar eclipses, Taraweeh, and others; because the adhan is for announcing the entrance of the prayer time, and only the obligatory prayers are specific to certain times, unlike the voluntary prayers. The voluntary prayers are considered supplementary to the obligatory ones, so the adhan for the original prayer is regarded as an adhan for the supplementary one in estimation. It was narrated from Imran ibn Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was on a journey when they overslept for the Fajr prayer. They woke up with the heat of the sun having risen a little, so he commanded the mu'adhdhin to call the adhan, then he prayed the two rak'ahs before Fajr, then the mu'adhdhin established the prayer and he prayed Fajr." This is found in Al-Mustadrak 1: 408, and it was authenticated, and in Sunan Al-Daraqutni 1: 200, and Sunan Abu Dawood 1: 121. See: Ramz Al-Haqaiq 1: 32.
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