The Ruling on Sacrificing on Behalf of Others Without Their Permission

Question
Is it permissible to sacrifice on behalf of a living person without their permission or authorization?
Answer
I say, and with God's help: If this other person is a wife or a father, and there is a known relationship between them and the one offering the sacrifice, then it is permissible; otherwise, it is not. As for if the intention behind the sacrifice is merely for reward and merit, then it is permissible in all cases, whether permission was granted or not. And God knows best.
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