Question
What is the ruling on the order between the obligatory members in ablution?
Answer
It is recommended to follow the order of the obligatory actions in ablution as mentioned in the Quranic text, which is His saying: {O you who have believed, when you rise to perform prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles} (Al-Ma'idah: 6). This means that one should wash their face first, then their hands, then wipe their head, and then wash their feet. This order is a Sunnah for us and not an obligation; due to the consistency of the Prophet (peace be upon him), and this is evidence of its Sunnah. Moreover, the conjunction "ف" (fa) in the phrase: {فَاغْسِلُوا} (then wash) does not apply solely to the face, but rather to the entire sentence; because the face was mentioned with the conjunction "ف", and then the other limbs were added with the conjunction "و" (and), and it is a general collection according to the consensus of the people of language without addressing comparison and order. The collection with the conjunction is like the collection by its wording, which implies the succession of the sentence, as if it were said: "then wash these limbs," and this does not necessitate the order. It is similar to a man saying to his servant: "When you enter the market, buy bread, meat, and fruit," as it is understood to mean acquiring these things in general, without addressing the order, so it is the same here. Therefore, if this order is neglected, such as starting with the arms before the face, or starting with the feet before the arms, it is permissible. Even if a person immerses themselves in water, their ablution is valid; because the objective is purity, and it has been achieved without the order. Refer to: Majma' al-Anhar 1: 15, Fath Bab al-'Inayah 1: 56, Sharh al-Wiqayah p. 83, al-Wiqayah 56, and Bada'i' al-Sana'i' 1: 22, and Allah knows best.