Backbiting is forbidden, but it is permissible in the following cases: 1. Grievance: that is, complaining about one's oppression to the ruler, saying: So-and-so has wronged me in such-and-such a way, in order to seek justice. 2. Consultation: such as consulting about marriage, travel, partnership, residency, and depositing a trust, etc., where one can mention what they know with the intention of advising. 3. Indicating a defect to someone who wants to buy something, mentioning it to the buyer, and likewise if the buyer sees the seller giving counterfeit money, for example, saying: Beware of him for such-and-such a reason. 4. Seeking a fatwa: by saying to the mufti, So-and-so has wronged me in such-and-such a way, and what is the way out, and it is safer to say: What is your opinion about a man whose father, son, or someone else has wronged him in such-and-such a way, but it is permissible to specify to this extent; because the mufti may understand with specification what he would not understand with ambiguity. 5. With the intention of seeking assistance from someone capable of reprimanding him. 6. For the purpose of identification: such as being known by a nickname like the lame, the blind, or the one-eyed. 7. Criticizing the criticized among narrators, witnesses, and authors is permissible, rather it is obligatory to protect the Sharia. 8. Mentioning the openly sinful: he who does not conceal his actions and is not affected by being told that he does such-and-such, it is permissible to mention him by what he openly does and not by anything else; but if he is concealed, then backbiting him is not permissible. 9. Backbiting the unknown, as there is no backbiting except for someone known; even if the people of a village backbite, it is not considered backbiting because they do not mean all of them, but some of them, and that is unknown. 10. Mentioning the faults of a brother out of concern does not constitute backbiting; rather, backbiting is when one mentions out of anger intending to insult; because if it reached him, he would not dislike it; because he is concerned for him, saddened, and regretful for him, but on the condition that he is sincere in his concern, otherwise he would be a hypocritical backbiter, praising himself; because he has insulted his Muslim brother and revealed what he concealed, and made people feel that he dislikes this matter for himself and others, and that he is among the righteous since he did not come with explicit backbiting, but rather he did it in the context of concern, thus he has combined various types of vices, we ask Allah for protection. 11. Mentioning the immorality of the obstinate: if he has a bad belief like a heretic who conceals it and presents it to those who catch him, but if he openly declares it, he falls under the openly sinful, as well as those who pray and fast but harm people. See: Al-Durr Al-Mukhtar and Radd Al-Mukhtar 6: 408. Ibn Abidin organized it in Radd Al-Mukhtar 8: 409, saying: What a person dislikes is forbidden to mention except for ten cases that are permissible: grievance, consultation, and criticism, and indicating the openly sinful, and the unknown, and deceit for the purpose of guidance, and identification, and seeking a fatwa, and seeking help from a reprimander, and also being concerned, and warning against the immorality of the obstinate.